Trees

Apple Common Apple. Malus sylrestris Familiar tree, has a short trunk, spreading rounded crown, showy pink tinged blossoms, and delicious red fruit. Bark: gray; fissured and scaly Flowers: Rounded petals, white tinged with pink. Fruit: Edible, shiny red or yellow; sunken at ends; thick sweet pulp; star shaped core contains up to 10 seeds.	Black Tupelo "Blackgum or Pepperidrg" Nyssa sylvatica. Many slender nearly horizontal branches, dense crown. Bark: gray or dark brown. Male and female flowers on separate trees. Berry like fruit, blue black, elliptical; sour, bitter and thin pulp. The fruit serves as food for many birds and mammals.	Beech American Beech. Fagus grandifolia Large tree, rounded crown many long and spreading and horizontal branches, producing edible beechnuts. Bark: light gray, smooth; thin. Flowers: New leaves in spring. Fruit: 1/2 - 3/4" long; short stalked, light brown prickly burs. Maturing in autumn and splitting into 4 parts. Usually 2 nuts.
Cedar Eastern Redcedar "Red Juniper" Juniperus virginiana. Evergreen, aromatic tree with often angled and buttressed at base and narrow, compact, columnar crown. Bark: Reddish brown ; thin, fibrous and shreddy. Flowers: is an evergreen with 1/4 - 3/8" diameter cones. Has a dark blue berry like bloom. Redcedar wood is used for fence posts, cedar chests, wood carvings and cabinetwork. The cedar oil was once used for medicine. Perfumes are sometimes obtained from the leaves and wood. Cedar waxwings are attracted to this tree for it's juicy "berrys".	Cherry Black Cherry "Wild Cherry" or "Rum Cherry" Prunus serotina. Aromatic tree with oblong crown, has abundant white flowers in late spring and small black edible cherries with a bitter taste in the late summer. The wood can be used for musical and scientific instruments, furniture, and paneling, toys and handles. The wild cherry syrup that comes from the bark, is used as a medicine for cough. The fruit is used for jelly and wine.	Cypress Baldcypress "Cypress" or "Swamp-cypress" Taxodium distichum Aquatic, deciduous tree, large, needle leaf. Bark: brown or gray. Cones: 3/4 - 1" round. Hard cone scales shed at maturity in autumn. The heartwood is very strong and sometimes used for boats, docks, and bridges.
Dogwood Flowering Dogwood "Eastern Flowering Dogwood" Cornus florida. Small flowering tree with short trunk. Bark: Dark reddish brown; rough. Flowers: 4 white petals with a ting of pink in the middle edges. Several shinny red berries will grow at the end of the branches. The leaves will turn a scarlet red color in the fall. This is one of the most beautiful North American trees growing today. Indians once used the aromatic bark and roots as a remedy for malaria and extracted a red dye from the roots.	Eastern Redbud "Judas-tree" Cercis canadensis Short trunk with spreading branches. Pink colored flowers bloom on this in early spring. "The flowers can be eaten as a salad or fried."	Elm American Elm "White" or "Soft Elm" Ulmus americanc Graceful and handsome, very rounded crown and flat at the top. Bark: scaly and light gray. Dutch elm disease took out many American Elm species by way of the European and Native elm bark beetles. Wood from these trees can be used as paneling and furniture.
Slippery Elm "Red Elm" or "Soft Elm" Ulmus rubra Flat topped, open and broad crown. Leaves are rough and large. Bark: dark brown ;deeply furrowed. The inner bark of this tree that is thick and glue like can be dried and then moistened to be used as a poultice or even cough medicine.	Winged Elm "Cork Elm" or "Wahoo" Ulmus alata Open round crown with a short trunk. Bark: thin dark brown. `The inner bark was once made into rope in the 18th and 19th centuries. These ropes were used for fastening cotton bales. Some twigs look to have a corky texture. The Creek indians called this tree "Wahoo".`.	Hackberry "Sugarberry or Nettletree" Celtis occidentalis Rounded crown, drooping branches with bushy ends. Bark: Smooth with bumps, gray or light brown. Fruit: About 1/2 inch in diameter, dark purple to orange red. Dry and sweet. Many birds consume the sweet pulp. Wood from this tree is often used for athletic goods, plywood, crates and boxes. The leaves often have bumps on them caused from tiny jumping plant lice.
Hickory: Bitternut hickory "Bitternut or Pignut" Carya cordiformis Rounded crown, tall trunk. Bark: Light brown, gray. Fruit: Thin shell, bitter seed. Oil from this tree was extracted by settlers and used in oil lamps.	Hickory: Pignut Hickory "Pignut or Smoothbark hickory" Carya glabra Wide crown. Bark: Smooth, grayish. Seeds are sometimes sweet and sometimes bitter. Wood is very strong and used for tool handles, skis and wagon wheels.	Hickory: Shagbark Hickory "Scalybark or Shellbark Hickory" Carya ovata . Slender crown, tall trunk. Bark: light gray and loose. Fruit: Hard shells, almost rounded, edible seeds. The name "hickory" is given to us by the American Indian word pawcohiccora. Hickory nuts are grown commercially.
Hophornbeam: Eastern Hophornbeam "American Hophornbeam" "Ironwood" Ostrya virginiana Slender crown Bark: Thin, light brown. This wood was said to be as hard as iron and many tools were made from this tree as well as fence posts.	Magnolia: Bigleaf Magnolia "Silverleaf Magnolia" or "Umbrella-tree" Magnolia macrophylla. Broad rounded crown with wide spreading branches. Bark: Thin, smooth, and light gray. Has large green leaves and is an evergreen.	Maple: Red Maple "Scarlet Maple" or "Swamp Maple" Acer rubrum. Narrow crown, large tree, leaves turn yellow, orange and red in autumn. Deciduous. Bark: gray, thin and smooth. Early settlers extracted dyes from the bark of this tree. Ink was also made from the bark.
Maple: Silver Maple "Soft or White Maple" Acer saccharinum. Short trunk with long, tall branches. Bark: Gray This tree is known for its silvery white leaf color that is seen under the leaf along with a dull green color above the leaf. It ia popular for fast growing shade trees, but the limbs are easily broken by the wind.	Maple: Sugar Maple "Hard or Rock Maple" Acer saccharum. Dense crown, large tree, lovely leaves. Bark: light gray. Leaves are the most stunning color in autumn. This tree is the major source of maple syrup. Indians handed down this technique to early settlers. Today one tree can yield 5 to 60 gallons of sap per year. For 1 gallon of syrup, it takes 32 gallons of sap.	Oak: Chestnut Oak "Rock Chestnut Oak" or "Rock Oak" Quercus prinus. Large tree, tall trunk, slim crown. Bark: Gray, thick and ridged. Grows acorns which wildlife consumes. Wood of this tree is commercially marketed as "White Oak". This tree is often found growing in rocky soils.
Oak: Post Oak "Iron Oak" Quercus stellata. Dense round crown with leaves suggesting a Maltese cross. Sometimes a rather short tree that also contains acorns. Bark: Light gray with scaly ridges. Commercially, the lumber is marketed as White Oak. This is a very tough wood that is used for cross ties, fence posts, and construction timbers.	Oak: Southern Red Oak "Spanish Oak" or "Swamp Red Oak" Quercus falcata. Slim rounded crown, large tree. Bark: Dark gray. Contains acorns which are consumed by wildlife. Lumber is commercially sold as "Red Oak".	Oak: White Oak "Stave Oak" Quercus alba. A classic tree with tall trunk and spreading branches. Rounded crown. Bark: Light gray with often loose scaly ridges. Wood is used for making whiskey barrels and ships. This high grade lumber is also used for many other purposes.
Oak: Water Oak "Spotted Oak" or "Possum Oak" Quercus nigra. Large tree, rounded crown, fairly dense branches. Leaves are smaller and more compact. This is the only oak tree that is an evergreen. Bark: dark gray. Smooth when young, scaly and rough when tree matures. Acorns are grown on this tree. They are a big source of food for the wildlife. This is a fast growing tree but does not seen to live as long as other oak trees.	Silktree "Mimosa-tree" or "Powderpuff-tree" Albizia julibrissin. Short trunk, broad crown, many spreading branches with showy pink puffy flowers. Bark: Dark gray, smooth. Contains "bean like" pods that can be found in the spring. The whole tree looks pink in early spring because of the flower blooms.	Sweetgum "Redgum" or "Sapgum" Liquidambar styraciflua. Hardwood, large tree, conical at the top. Similar to a maple tree. The commercial production of sweetgum wood comes in just behind the oak tree. In pioneer days, gum was taken from the bark by scraping off the resin like solid residue. This was used for medical purposes as well as chewing.
Sycamore "American Sycamore" or " American Planetree" Platanus occidentalis. One of the largest hardwoods. Bark: Smooth white, mottled, and scaly. Wood is used for butcher blocks, pulpwood, particleboard, and fiberboard. Sycamore grows to have the biggest trunk of any hardwood.