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In 1997, India and Pakistan celebrated fifty years of independence from British rule, yet these two countries continue to fight one another over religion and land. Their capacity for nuclear war has heightened concerns from the rest of the world for a peaceful resolution to their conflict.Connection to the Curriculum, Standards, and Skills
Geography Standards
Standard 13: How the forces of cooperation and conflict among peoples influence the division and control of earth's surface.Standard 17: How to apply geography to interpret the past.
Standard 18: How to apply geography to interpret the present and plan for the future.
Alabama Course of Study: Social Studies Content Standards (Grade 7)
Standard 5: Locate selected countries, cities, and physical features on maps, globes, and satellite images.Standard 6: Identify physical and human criteria used to define regions at different spatial scales.
Standard 10: Relate the use of technology to the way culture groups perceive and use places and regions.Standard 21: Explain factors that contribute to conflict within and between countries.
Geographic Skills
Grade LevelOrganizing geographic information: create a table to compare data about two countries and organize materials for a multimedia report. Analyzing geographic information: interpret and synthesize information through preparation of written and oral explanations of geographic relationships based on synthesis and analysis of information.
Purpose of the LessonGrade 7
Primary Geographic QuestionTo allow students the opportunity to gather information about India and Pakistan, determine sources of conflict between these two countries, evaluate the danger of their nuclear capacity to each other and the world, and devise possible solutions to their conflict.
Why are India and Pakistan in conflict and what effects will their conflict have on each country's people and the rest of the world?
Why did Britain divide south Asia into two countries (India and Pakistan) in 1947?
What is the spatial location of conflict between India and Pakistan and why is there conflict over this area?
What are the cultural conflicts between India and Pakistan.
How does conflict between India and Pakistan effect the quality of living (economics, agriculture, religion, politics) in these countries?
How does membership in the "nuclear club" affect the conflict between India and Pakistan?
How does nuclear capacity for India and Pakistan affect other countries, and ultimately, world peace?
What are some legitimate solutions to resolution of conflict between India and Pakistan?
MaterialsStudents will:
- Research the assigned country using Internet, reference books, magazines, and other resource materials.
- Work in cooperative groups.
- Present findings in an organized fashion.
- Compare and contrast India and Pakistan to discover sources of conflict.
- Discuss the impact of nuclear war on Asia and the world.
- Create a debate involving India, Pakistan, and the United States about current related issues in these countries.
- Keep a journal of personal contributions to each project and reflections of material learned.
Body of Lesson - Procedure & Assessment
- Markers
- Bulletin Board Paper or Poster Boards
- Encyclopedias
- Internet Access
- National Geographic, May 1997 October 1997
- The World Book Year Book, 1998
- Map of Pakistan
- Map of India
- Map of Kashmir Region
- Goode's World Atlas
- Comparison Chart
- Country Fact Sheets
- World Almanac
Activity One
Secondary Questions # 1 - #4: Why did Britain divide south Asia into two countries in 1947? What is the spatial location of conflict between India and Pakistan and why is there conflict over this area? What are the cultural conflicts between India and Pakistan? How does conflict between India and Pakistan effect the quality of living (economics, agriculture, religion, politics) in these countries?
- Divide class into two groups. Group One will represent Pakistan. Group Two will represent India.
- Each group will research their country using above references. Each group can be subdivided to research all facets of their country as follows:
- history as a nation
- politics
- economics
- religion
- topographic information (land fords, water, unique features)
- Each group develops a visual presentation of their findings. Create a map of the country they are presenting in relation to Asia and the world.
- As students make presentation, the audience has a checklist to fill in information as they receive it.
Assessing Student Learning: Activity One
Students will turn in completed checklists along with a paragraph in their own words comparing and contrasting India and Pakistan. They will also be assessed on presentations as to whether they gave a well-organized presentation of the data for their country.Activity Two
- Secondary Questions # 5 - #7: How does membership in the "nuclear club" affect the conflict between India and Pakistan? How does nuclear capacity for India and Pakistan affect other countries, and ultimately, world peace? What are some legitimate solutions to resolution of conflict between India and Pakistan?
- Divide students into three groups representing Pakistan, India, and the United States.
- Each group prepares to debate the country they represent in the conflict between India and Pakistan, nuclear capacity, and the United States' position.
- Students debate different views.
- Concluding activity - All students offer suggestions to solve the problems between Pakistan and India, especially refering to Kashmir.
Assessing Student Learning: Activity Two
Assessment of LessonStudents should be able to explain their position in debate and contribute to discussion. Each student will turn in a brief paragraph explaining a solution to the conflict in south Asia.
Students should write a paragraph in response to the primary question. Points should be made that will include information asked in the secondary question. A journal of individual contributions made will also be assessed.
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